DNA: Ìyàtọ̀ láàrin àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò

Àwọn atínrín alọ́po méjéèjì náà dá igbáẹ̀yìn DNA. Alọ́po ẹ̀mẹjì míràn kan náà tún ṣe é rí nípa títẹ̀lé àwọn àyè, tàbi àwọn ibitooro, tó wà láàrin àwọn atínrín náà. Àwọn àyè yìí wà nítòsí sí àwọn ìpìlẹ̀ méjì ó sìl lè pèsè [[binding site|ojú ìdè]]. Nítorípé àwọn atínrín kò wà níwájú ara wọn, àwọn ibitooro lò ní ìtóbi dídọ́gba. Ibitooro kan, ibitooro àgbà, jẹ́ 22&nbsp;Å ní fífẹ̀, èkejì, ibitooro kékeré, jẹ́ 12&nbsp;Å ní fífẹ̀.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Wing R, Drew H, Takano T, Broka C, Tanaka S, Itakura K, Dickerson R |title=Crystal structure analysis of a complete turn of B-DNA |journal=Nature |volume=287 |issue=5784 |pages=755–8 |year=1980 |pmid=7432492 |doi=10.1038/287755a0|bibcode = 1980Natur.287..755W }}</ref> TheHíhá narrownessibitooro ofkékeré thetúmọ̀sí minorpé grooveàwọn meansetí thatàwọn theìpìlẹ̀ edgesṣe ofé thebọ́sí basesnínú areibitooro moreàgbà. accessibleNítorí inbẹ́ẹ̀, theàwọn majorproteínì groove.bíi As a result, proteins likeàwọn [[transcription factor|akópa ]]s that can bind to specific sequences in double-stranded DNA usually make contacts to the sides of the bases exposed in the major groove.<ref name="Pabo1984">{{cite journal |author=Pabo C, Sauer R |title=Protein-DNA recognition |journal=Annu Rev Biochem |volume=53 |pages=293–321 |year=1984 |pmid=6236744 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.bi.53.070184.001453}}</ref> This situation varies in unusual conformations of DNA within the cell ''(see below)'', but the major and minor grooves are always named to reflect the differences in size that would be seen if the DNA is twisted back into the ordinary B form.