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<div class="messagebox" style="float: right; width: 150px; margin-left: 10px;">Note: You can use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] to experiment with page editing.</div>
== Editing ==
Editing most Wikipedia pages is easy. Simply click on the "'''edit this page'''" tab at the top of a Wikipedia page (or on a [[Wikipedia: Section|section-edit link]]). This will bring you to a new page with a text box containing the editable text of the original page.
[[
<br clear=all>
If you add information to a page, [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|please provide references]], as [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|unreferenced facts are subject to removal]]. When you are finished with an edit, you should write a short [[
[[
<br clear=all>
You can also click on the "'''Discussion'''" tab to see the corresponding [[Wikipedia:Talk page|talk page]], which contains comments about the page from other Wikipedia users. Click on the "new section" tab to start a new section, or edit the page in the same way as an article page.
You should also remember to [[Wikipedia:Signatures|sign your messages]] on [[Wikipedia:Talk page|talk pages]] and some special-purpose [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|project pages]] with four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>), but you should '''not''' sign edits you make to regular articles. In [[
=== Minor edits ===
{{further|[[
A check to the "minor edit" box signifies that only superficial differences exist between the version with your edit and the previous version: typo corrections, formatting and presentational changes, rearranging of text without modifying content, etc. A ''minor edit'' is a version that the editor believes requires no review and could never be the subject of a dispute. The "minor edit" option is one of several [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?#New editing options|options]] available only to registered users.
=== Major edits ===
{{see|Wikipedia:Editing policy#Talking and editing}}
All editors are encouraged to [[Wikipedia:Be_bold|be bold]], but there are several things that a user can do to ensure that major edits are performed smoothly. Before engaging in a major edit, a user should consider discussing proposed changes on the article discussion/talk page. During the edit, if doing so over an extended period, the {{[[
A major edit should be reviewed to confirm that it is consensual to all concerned editors. Therefore, any change that affects the ''meaning'' of an article is major (not minor), even if the edit is a single word.
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Occasionally your browser will crash. When doing a large edit it is suggested you copy the code of the article you are working on and placing it in a text editor (preferably one without formatting, such as [[Notepad (Windows)|Notepad]]) periodically. This ensures that in the case of a browser crash you will not lose your work. It may also be a good idea to save the page after performing a substantial amount of work before adding additional content to the article.
== Sections ==
{{further|[[Wikipedia:Layout]]}}
Editors are recommended to divide any article, which is more than a few paragraphs long, into sections and subsections. In the [[wikimarkup]] the beginning of every section is marked by the section title bracketed by "==" symbols, whereas the subsections inside a section are introduced by the subsection title bracketed by "===" (or more) symbols. For instance, ''Structured document'' heading of this section looks like:
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The wikimarkup supports six levels of headings. The ''Structured document'' is a level-two heading; the level one headings are normally not used. The details can be found in the [[#Headings|table below]].
== Wiki markup ==
{{shortcut|WP:MARKUP}}
[[Wiki markup]] is the [[markup language]] you use to write a Wikipedia page; please see [[
=== Links and URLs ===
The anchor element, <code><a></code>, is not allowed. The following are used instead: <code><nowiki>[[ ]], [ ], ~~~~, ~~~, http, ISBN, RFC & {{ }}</nowiki></code>. See the table below.
{|
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* A link to another Wiki article.
* Internally, the first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended).
* Thus the link above is to the [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport, which is the Wikipedia article with the name "Public transport". See also [[
| width=“50%” valign="top"|
<code><nowiki>London has [[public transport]].</nowiki></code>
|- id="renamedlink" valign="top"
| width=“50%”|
San Francisco also has [[public transport
* Same target, different name.
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See the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]]. (Other page link)
* A link to another [[
| width=“50%”|
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|- id="link-to-section" valign="top"
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[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics]] is a link to a [[
[[#Links and URLs]] is a link to another section on the current page.
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[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics|Italics]] is a piped link to a section within another page.
* The part after the number sign (#) must match a [[
* Include "| link title" to create a stylish (piped) link title.
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But not:
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Links|]]
* The server fills in the part after the pipe character (|) when you save the page. The next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. When [[
* See [[
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[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page]] is a link to this page.
* [[
* Do not use this technique to make the article name bold in the first paragraph; see [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Article titles|Article titles]].
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* It is recommended interwiki links be placed at the very end of the article.
* Interwiki links are not visible within the formatted article but, instead, appear as language links on the extreme left-margin column of a Wikipedia page (under menu section "languages").
* Please see [[
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<code><nowiki>
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'''What links here''' and '''Related changes'''
pages can be linked as:<br />
[[
and
[[
| width=“50%”|
<code>
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A user's '''Contributions''' page can be linked as:
[[
or
[[
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<code><nowiki>A user's '''Contributions''' page can be linked as: [[Special:Contributions/UserName]] or [[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]</nowiki></code>
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* If a URL contains a character not in this list, it should be encoded by using a percent sign (%) followed by the [[hexadecimal|hex]] code of the character, which can be found in the table of [[ASCII#ASCII printable characters|ASCII printable characters]]. For example, the caret character (^) would be encoded in a URL as '''%5E'''.
* If the "named" version contains a closing square bracket "]", then you must use the [[HTML]] special character syntax, i.e. '''&#93;''' otherwise the [[MediaWiki]] software will prematurely interpret this as the end of the external link.
* There is a class that can be used to remove the arrow image from the external link. It is used in [[
** Markup: <nowiki><span
class="plainlinks neverexpand">
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ISBN 0-12-345678-X
Link to a book using [[
* Link to books using their [[Wikipedia:ISBN|ISBN]]. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. However, if one bookstore or online service provides additional free information, such as table of contents or excerpts from the text, then a link to that source will aid the user and is recommended. ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use one of the indicated formats.
* To create a link to [[
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<code><nowiki>ISBN 012345678X</nowiki></code>
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(Media link)
[[
*To include links to non image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link. For images, [[#Images|see next section]].
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Link directly to '''edit''' for an existing page, or apply other link attributes.
* use <nowiki>{{fullurl:}}</nowiki>
* or use [[
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<code><nowiki>{{fullurl:page name|action=edit}}</nowiki></code>
|}
=== Images ===
Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the [[
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
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|- valign="top"
|A picture:
[[
|<pre>A picture:
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png]]</nowiki></pre>
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|- valign="top"
|With alternative text:
[[
|<pre>With alternative text:
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.]]</nowiki></pre>
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|- valign="top"
|Floating to the right side of the page using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
[[
|<pre>Floating to the right side of the page
using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
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|- valign="top"
|Floating to the right side of the page using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
[[
|<pre>Floating to the right side of the page
using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
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|- valign="top"
|Floating to the right side of the page ''without'' a caption:
[[
|<pre>Floating to the right side of the page
''without'' a caption:
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|- valign="top"
|A picture resized to 30 pixels...
[[
|<pre>A picture resized to 30 pixels...
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|30 px|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]</nowiki></pre>
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|- valign="top"
|Linking directly to an image without displaying it:
[[
|<pre>Linking directly to an image
without displaying it:
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For further help on images, including some more versatile abilities, see the [[WP:PIC|picture tutorial]].
=== Headings ===
For a heading, put it on a separate line. A level-two heading, the highest level editors use in an article, for example:
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Level-one headings are automatically generated for the article's title, which is not available in the edit box.
=== Character formatting ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
|- valign="top"
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|
You can <s>strike out deleted material</s>
and <u>underline new material</u>. <small>([[
You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
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'''Suppressing interpretation of markup:'''
<br/>
<nowiki>Link
* Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.
* Escape all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags.
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|-
|
'''Extra spacing''' within text can best be achieved using the [[
Mary {{pad|4em}} had a little lamb.
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<br/>
¿ ¡ § ¶<br/>
† ‡ •
‹ › « »<br/>
‘ ’ “ ”
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'''Combined:'''
<br/>
ε<sub>0</sub> = 8.85
<br/>
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]
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'''Mathematical characters:'''
<br/>
∫ ∑ ∏ √
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥<br/>
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø<br/>
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇<br/>
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'''Mathematical formulae:'''
<br/>
<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math><br />
{{math|sin ''x'' + ln ''y''}}
<math>\mathbf{x} = \mathbf{0}</math><br />
{{math|
* Complex formulae should use [[
* Simple formulae may use either <code><math></code> markup or HTML/wiki markup using the <code >{{tl|math}}</code > template with <code><i></code> and <code><b></code> or <code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>'''</nowiki></code> for formatting. Make sure to replace <code>=</code> with <code>{{tl|{{=}}}}</code>.
* Ordinary text should use [[#emph|wiki markup for emphasis]]. However, mathematical formulae often use italics, and sometimes use bold, for reasons unrelated to emphasis. Per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (mathematics)#Using HTML|Wikipedia:Manual of Style (mathematics)]], wiki markup (<code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>'''</nowiki></code>) is preferred over HTML markup (<code><i></code> and <code><b></code>), but both are allowed.
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<br/>
: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
* See [[
* A formula displayed on a line by itself should probably be indented by using the colon (:) character.
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''(see also: [[Chess symbols in Unicode]])''
=== No or limited formatting—showing exactly what is being typed ===
A few different kinds of formatting will tell the Wiki to display things as you typed them—what you see, is what you get!
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The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special characters:
</nowiki>
|<pre><nowiki>
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The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't reformat text.
It still interprets special characters:
</pre>
|<pre><pre><nowiki>
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|}
=== Invisible text (comments) ===
{{main|Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Invisible comments}}
It's uncommon, but on occasion acceptable, to add a hidden comment within the text of an article. <!-- This is an example of text that won't normally be visible except in "edit" mode. --> The format is this:
<nowiki><!-- This is an example of text that won't normally be visible except in "edit" mode. --></nowiki>
=== Table of contents ===
<!-- ==== Placement of the Table of Contents (TOC) ==== -->
At the current status of the wiki markup language, having at least four headers on a page triggers the table of contents (TOC) to appear in front of the first header (or after introductory sections). Putting <nowiki>__TOC__</nowiki> anywhere forces the TOC to appear at that point (instead of just before the first header). Putting <nowiki>__NOTOC__</nowiki> anywhere forces the TOC to disappear. See also [[Wikipedia:Section#Compact_TOC|Compact TOC]] for alphabet and year headings.
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-->
=== Tables ===
There are two ways to build tables:
*in special Wiki-markup (see [[
*with the usual HTML elements: <table>, <tr>, <td> or <th>.
For the latter, and a discussion on when tables are appropriate, see [[Wikipedia:When to use tables|When to use tables]].
=== Variables ===
''(See also [[mw:help:magic_words|Variable]])''
{| style="text-align:center"
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In languages where it makes a difference, you can use constructs like <nowiki>{{grammar:case|word}}</nowiki> to convert a word from the nominative case to some other case. For example, <nowiki>{{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}}</nowiki> means the same as <nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}</nowiki>. <!-- Is there a reference for this, other than the source code (for example, phase3/languages/Lnaguage*.php) ? -->
=== Templates ===
The [[MediaWiki]] software used by Wikipedia has support for [[
== More information on editing wiki pages ==
You may also want to learn about:
=== Getting started ===
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=== Naming and moving ===
* [[
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions|Naming conventions]]
* [[Wikipedia:Namespace|Namespace]]
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{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
<noinclude>
[[
<!-- Interlanguage links -->
</noinclude>
[[cv:Broken/Статьясене тӳрлетесси çинчен]]
[[lb:Hëllef/Textgestaltung]]
▲[[nl:Help:Uitleg]]
[[ur:صفحہ کس طرح ترميم کريں]]
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