Wikipedia

Àìjẹ̀un-dáradára

Àìjẹ̀un-dáradára tabi aijẹ ounjẹ t'oyẹ jẹ ipo ti o n waye lara jijẹ ounjẹ ti awọn ounjẹ aṣara l'ore koto tabi ti o ti pọju ti o si fa awọn iṣoro ilera.[1][2] Awọn ounjẹ aṣara lore le jẹ́: kalori, puroteni, kabọhidireti, awọn fitamin tabi minira.[2] A saba maa n lo ni pataki lati tọkasi aijẹun to dara to nibi ti kosi kalori, puroteni tabi awọn eroja ounjẹ; sibẹsibẹ, o tun pẹlu ijẹun ju.[3][4] Bi aijẹ eroja ounjẹ to ba waye boya ni iloyun tabi ṣaaju ọmọ ọdun meji o le jasi awọn iṣoro aileyipada pẹlu idagba ifojuri ati ọpọlọ.[2] Aijẹ ohun aṣara lore to ti o gaju, ti a mọsi ifebipa, leni awọn aami ti o pẹlu: ràrá, ara gbigbẹ, ailokun ti o to, ati ẹsẹ wiwu ati ikùn.[2][3] Awọn eniyan tun saba maa n ni awọn akoran wọn si saba maa n tutù. Awọn aami ti aisi eroja inu ounjẹ to dale irufẹ eroja ounjẹ ti kosi nibẹ.[3]

Àìjẹ̀un-dáradára
Àìjẹ̀un-dáradáraRíbónì olómi ọsàn kan—akiyesi riboni fun àìjẹ̀un-dáradára naa.
Àìjẹ̀un-dáradáraRíbónì olómi ọsàn kan—akiyesi riboni fun àìjẹ̀un-dáradára naa.
Ríbónì olómi ọsàn kan—akiyesi riboni fun àìjẹ̀un-dáradára naa.
Ìpínsọ́wọ̀ àti àwọn òkunfà ìta
ICD/CIM-9263.9 263.9
MedlinePlus000404

Aijẹ ounjẹ toyẹ maa n waye nitori airi ojulowo ounjẹ jẹ.[5] Eyi ko sai somọ ọwọn gogo iye ounjẹ ati iṣẹ.[2][5] Aisi ti ifun lọ́mú le dakun, bi awọn ọpọ awọn akoran arun bii: inu wiwu, arun ẹdọforo, ba ati eeyì ti o maa n ṣafikun awọn eroja ounjẹ .[5] Awọn oriṣi aijẹun toyẹ to meji lowa: aijẹ ounjẹ toyẹ okun- puroteni ati alebu aijẹ ounjẹ to.[4] Aijẹ ounjẹ toyẹ okun- puroteni ni awọn alebu meji: marasmus (aini puroteni ati kalori) ati kwashiorkor (aito puroteni nikan).[3] Aini eroja ounjẹ toye ni: aini ayọnu, ayodini ati fitamini A.[3] Lakoko oyun, ti o da lori ibeere-fun pupọ, awọn aito wa wọpọ si.[6] Ni awọn ọkan awọn orilẹ-ede ti o n dagba ounjẹ ajẹju bii isanraju ti wa n pọ ni aarin awọn awujọ bii aijẹ ounjẹ to.[7] Awọn okunfa aijẹun toyẹ to miiran ni iri ara-ẹni bi pe a sanra nigba ti a ru àti bṣẹ abẹ idin ounjẹ ti inu le gba kù[8][9] Laarin awọn agba aijẹ ounjẹ to'yẹ wọpọ nitori okunfa afojuri, ero inu ati ibalopọ.[10]

Ipa lati mu gbooro ounjẹ jẹ lara awọn ipo ti o ya iranwọ idagba.[11] Ifun lọmu le din iye aijẹ ounjẹ to ati iku ninu awọn ọmọde ku,[2] ati awọn ipa lati mu gberu iṣe bẹẹ dagba pọ.[12] Ninu awọn ọmọde pipese ounjẹ pẹlu ọmu-mimu laarin oṣu mẹfa ati ọdun meji mu abajade gberu.[12] Ẹri gidi wa ti o kin lẹhin pe eroja ounjẹ ti ọpọ awọn eroja ounjẹ lakoko oyun ati laarin awọn ọmọde ni awọn orilẹ-ede ti o n dagba.[12] Lati pese ounjẹ fun awọn ti o nilo rẹ ju ni ipese ounjẹ ati ipese owo ki awọn eniyan le ra ounjẹ laarin ọja ilu lọ geere.[11][13] Fifun awọn eniyan lounjẹ nikan to.[11] Ibojuto aijẹ ounjẹ t'oyẹ ti o l'ewu laarin ile eniyan pẹlu àwọn ounjẹ ìlo iwosan aarun ṣeeṣe lọpọ igba.[12] Laarin awọn ti o ni ewu aije ounjẹ toyẹ lowọ awọn iṣoro itọju ilera miiran laarin ile-iwosan ni a bọwọlu.[12] Eyi nilo abojuto aito ṣuga, imọlara ara, ara-gbigbẹ, ati ifun-lounjẹ diẹdiẹ.[12][14] Igbesẹ awọn ogun aṣodi si akoran ni a bọwọlu nitori akoran ti o pọ.[14] Awọn ilana itọju ọjọ pipẹ ni: imugbooro awọn iṣe agbẹ,[15] re dioṣi kuim, imumọtoto gbooroth, atiofifun awọn obinrin ni agbara iṣẹ[11]

Awọn 925 miliọnu eniyan ti kori ounjẹ jẹ to ni agbaye ni o wa ni 2010, ọpọ ti 80 miliọnu lati 1990.[16][17] Awọn eniyan biliọnu ti a ka miiran ti koni fitamin ati eroja ounjẹ toyẹ.[11] Ni 2010 aijẹ ounjẹ toyẹ ti agbara puroteni ti ṣokunfa awọn iku bii 600,000 de 883,000 awọn iku ni 1990.[18] Awọn aito ounjẹ toyẹ aito ayodini ati arun aito ayodini, fa iku 84,000 miiran.[18] Airi ounjẹ toyẹ jẹ ni 2010 n okunfa 1.4% gbogbo ailera igbe-aye ti a sun.[11][19] Bi ida mẹta awọn iku laarin awọn ọmọde ni a gbagbọ pe airi ounjẹ jẹ to lofa; sibẹsibẹ, ako sọ awọn iku naa bẹẹ.[5] Ni 2010 a ṣakojọ pe o ṣokunfa bii 1.5 miliọnu awọn iku awọn obinrin ati ọmọde[20] awọn kan tilẹ sọpe iye naa le ju 3 miliọnu.[12] Ati afikun 165 miliọnu awọn ọmọde ni aidagba bi-o-tiyẹ lara arun naa.[12] Airijẹ to wọpọ ni awọn orilẹ-ede ti o n dagba.[21]

Awọn Itọkasi àtúnṣe

  1. ↑ "àìjẹ̀un-dáradára" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Facts for life (4th ed. ed.). New York: United Nations Children's Fund. 2010. pp. 61 and 75. ISBN 978-92-806-4466-1. Archived from the original on 2018-12-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20181212170249/https://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Facts_for_Life_EN_010810.pdf. Retrieved 2015-09-19. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Young, E.M.. Ounjẹ ati idagba. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. pp. 36–38. ISBN 9781135999414. http://books.google.ca/books?id=XhwKwNzJVjQC&pg=PA36. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Essentials of International Health. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2011. p. 194. ISBN 9781449667719. http://books.google.ca/books?id=lt7TqZPZSlIC&pg=PA194. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Ilera mama, ọmọ titun, ọmọde ati ipẹrẹ". WHO.  Unknown parameter |deeti abawọle= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Konje, editor, Mala Arora ; co-editor, Justin C. (2007). Recurrent pregnancy loss (2nd ed. ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers. ISBN 9788184480061. 
  7. ↑ "Progress For Children: A Report Card On Nutrition" (PDF). UNICEF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2015-09-19. 
  8. ↑ Prentice, editor-in-chief, Benjamin Caballero ; editors, Lindsay Allen, Andrew (2005). Encyclopedia of human nutrition (2nd ed. ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. p. 68. ISBN 9780080454283. http://books.google.ca/books?id=DHtERWm0mrcC&pg=RA1-PA68. 
  9. ↑ Stoelting's anesthesia and co-existing disease (6th ed. ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier. 2012. p. 324. ISBN 9781455738120. http://books.google.ca/books?id=yxTtmJYPUV0C&pg=PA324. 
  10. ↑ editors, Ronnie A. Rosenthal, Michael E. Zenilman, Mark R. Katlic, (2011). Principles and practice of geriatric surgery (2nd ed. ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 78. ISBN 9781441969996. http://books.google.ca/books?id=VcgmpMZE6a8C&pg=PA87. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 "An update of ‘The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: Evidence for Action’" (PDF). www.gov.uk. Ẹka Idagba Agbaye. Oct 2012.  Unknown parameter |deeti abawọle= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Bhutta, ZA; Das, JK; Rizvi, A; Gaffey, MF; Walker, N; Horton, S; Webb, P; Lartey, A et al.. 382. pp. 452–77. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60996-4. PMID 23746776. 
  13. ↑ "Eto Ounjẹ Agbaye, Owo ati Iwe Owo fun Ounjẹ" (PDF). WFP.org. April 2012. Retrieved 5 July 2014. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Awọn ilana fun itọju aifarabalẹ ti awọn ọmọde ti o n jiya gidi lọwọ aijẹ ounjẹ toyẹ. Ajọ Ilera Agbaye. 2003. ISBN 9241546093. 
  15. ↑ Jonathan A. Foley, Navin Ramankutty, Kate A. Brauman, Emily S. Cassidy, James S. Gerber, Matt Johnston, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Christine O’Connell, Deepak K. Ray, Paul C. West, Christian Balzer, Elena M. Bennett, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jason Hill1, Chad Monfreda, Stephen Polasky1, Johan Rockström, John Sheehan, Stefan Siebert, David Tilman1, David P. M. Zaks (October 2011). Solutions for a cultivated planet Awọn ọna abayọ fun agbaye ti a kọ. 478. pp. 337–342. doi:10.1038/nature10452. PMID 21993620. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v478/n7369/full/nature10452.html. 
  16. ↑ "Ebi agbaye n dinku, ṣugbọn eyi ti o ga ti a ko ebi Abgaye tẹwọgba ti o le lati ba" (PDF). Ajọ Ounjẹ ati Agiriki ti Ajọ Iṣọkan Orilẹ-ede. September 2010.  Unknown parameter |deeti abawọle= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ Food; (FAO), Igbimọ Agiriki ti Ajọ ṣọkan Agbaye. Ajọ Ounjẹ ati Agiriki ti Ajọ Iṣọkan Orilẹ-ede Agbaye (FAO). p. 2. ISBN 978-92-5-106049-0. http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0291e/i0291e00.htm.+"FAO’s ṣe akojọ iye awọn ebi npa laipẹ [nipato, aijẹ ounjẹ toyẹ] awọn eniyan bi 923 miliọnu ni 2007, eyi ti o ju 80 miliọnu lati 1990-92 ti a wo." 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. (December 2012). "Iku Agbaye ati agbegbe lati 235 ti iku awọn ọjọ ori 20 ni 1990 ati 2010: akọsilẹ ẹrọ fun Ẹkọ Ajaga Arun Agbaye 2010". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. PMID 23245604. 
  19. ↑ Murray, CJ (Dec 15, 2012). "Awọn ọdun ailera igbe-aye ti a sun (DALYs) fun 291 awọn arun ati ifarapa ni ẹkun 21, 1990-2010: akọsilẹ ẹrọ fun Ẹkọ Ajaga Arun Agbaye 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2197–223. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4. PMID 23245608. 
  20. ↑ Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. (December 2012). Iṣakojọ esi ewu ti ajaga arun ati ifarapa ti o fa 67 awọn ewu ati akojọ ewu ni awọn ẹkun 21, 1990-2010: akọsilẹ ẹrọ fun Ẹkọ Ajaga Arun Agbaye 2010. 380. pp. 2224–60. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8. PMID 23245609. 
  21. ↑ Liz Young. p. 20. ISBN 9781134774944. http://books.google.ca/books?id=w4CGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA20. 
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