Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Majdhub
Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Majdhub (Larubawa: محمد المهدي المجذوب // ⓘ; 1919 - 3 March 1982), tun pe al-Maghut tabi al-Majzoub, je olokiki akewi ara ilu Sudan. O ti wa ni opolopo mọ bi ọkan ninu awọn aṣáájú-ni Sudanese ewi ati ki o ti wa ni ka fun jije ọkan ninu awọn akọkọ ewi ti Sudanese Arabic oríkì ati "Sudanism". Awọn ilowosi rẹ si awọn iwe-kikọ Sudan ti fi ipa pipẹ silẹ lori ala-ilẹ ewi ti orilẹ-ede naa.
Igbesi aye ibẹrẹ ati ẹkọ àtúnṣe
Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Majdhub ni a bi ni ọdun 1919 ni al-Damar, olu-ilu ti ipinle Odò Nile ni Ariwa Sudan.[1] Baba rẹ ni Sheikh Sufi, ti a mọ ni Sudan bi Muhammad al-Majdhub, ti o jẹ ti ẹya Ja'aliyin ti awọn ẹya ariwa-aringbungbun Sudan. Khalwa lo ko, nibi ti o ti ko eko kika, kiko ati Kuran.[2] Ni ibamu si Babkier Hassan Omer, ina Khalwa (ti a mọ ni al-Toqaba) ṣe atilẹyin al-Majdhub lati pe akopọ akọkọ rẹ "Ina Majdhib". O kowe ninu ifihan si ikojọpọ “Awọn Knights, awọn onidajọ ati awọn eniyan paranormal wo ni ayika rẹ, ti n ṣe ogo ati orin, Ọla Rẹ laarin eniyan ati itunu aabo, fun awọn ọgọrun ọdun”.
Onkọwe ara ilu Sudan ati ọmọ ile-ẹkọ Abdullah Al-Tayyib (1921-2003) dagba ni ile al-Majdhub lẹhin iku baba rẹ. Mejeeji dagba soke sunmọ awọn ọrẹ ati awọn ewi.[2]
al-Majdhub rin irin ajo lọ si Khartoum fun ile-iwe, o si darapọ mọ Gordon Memorial College o si gboye gboye bi oniṣiro.[3] al-Majdhub ṣiṣẹ gẹgẹbi oniṣiro ni ijọba Sudan o si lọ laarin ariwa, guusu, ila-oorun ati iwọ-oorun, eyiti o ṣe anfani fun u ni ṣiṣẹda ẹda ti o ni imọran ti, pẹlu igbaradi ti ara rẹ, ṣe ọna fun idagbasoke iṣẹ-ọnà ewi rẹ.[2]
Awọn iṣẹ litireso àtúnṣe
Ni akoko yii, awọn atẹjade wa bi al-Sudan, al-Nahda, ati al-Fajr. Laarin awọn oju-iwe ti al-Fajr, awọn onkọwe bii al-Tijani Yusuf Bashir ati Muhammad Ahmad Mahjub ṣe akọbẹrẹ wọn.[4]
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí òpìtàn Huda Fakhreddine ṣe sọ, àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Fajr ní òye nípa àjogúnbá àṣà ìṣẹ̀dálẹ̀ Sudan àti àwọn ìṣàn omi ìtàn tí ó ṣe àfikún sí ìyàtọ̀ rẹ̀. Wọn ṣe ifọkansi lati ṣe apẹrẹ awọn aami ede ti yoo ṣalaye idanimọ orilẹ-ede kan.[5]
Huda tẹsiwaju pe Muhammad Ahmad Mahjub ṣe alaye imọran ti iwe-kikọ Sudanese "ti a kọ ni ede Arabic ṣugbọn ti a fi kun pẹlu awọn idiomu ti ilẹ wa, nitori eyi ni ohun ti o ṣeto awọn iwe-iwe ti orilẹ-ede kan yatọ si ekeji." Ẹgbẹ Fajr ti rii ifarahan akọkọ rẹ ninu awọn iṣẹ ti Muhammad al-Mahdi al-Majdhub. O di akọrin akọkọ ti awọn iwe rẹ ṣe afihan imọ ti iṣe ti awọn aṣa "Black" ati "Arab".[5]
Alariwisi Osama Taj Al-Sir gbagbọ pe "Sudanism" (tabi Sudanisation) jẹ kedere ninu ewi al-Majdhub, eyiti o han ni oju inu rẹ, awọn aworan ati ede rẹ, eyiti ọmọ rẹ ti o ku, onise iroyin Awad Al-Karim al-Majdhub, ẹniti sọ nipa baba rẹ pe, "Boya ohun ti o ṣe iyatọ awọn ede al-Majdhub ni awọn oniwe-dapọ-nigbamii - Laarin kilasika ati dialectal Arabic si ojuami ti lilo awọn ede ti lasan ọrọ ati ki o dida o ni awọn aso ti rẹ Ewi.[1][6][7] Osama Taj Al- Sir, Ọjọgbọn ti Litireso ni Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Khartoum sọ fun Al-Jazeera Net pe “al-Majdhub gbe igbesi aye Sudan lọ si ewi, ati pe o jẹ ọkan ninu awọn akọkọ lati dapọ laarin awọn lahannaye ati gbogbogbo, iṣẹ akanṣe Sudan duro fun u a ilana stylistic".[1][5][7]
Al-Siddiq Omar Al-Siddiq, jẹri pe Sudanism kii ṣe ẹya pataki ti al-Majdhub nikan, ati pe aworan ewì jẹ ọkan ninu eyiti o han gbangba julọ laarin wọn. Al-Majzoub jẹ ẹda ni yiya awọn aworan ati igboya ni iyaworan wọn, ati pe “audacity” yii ko ni opin si awọn aworan nikan.[5][7]
Ọkan ninu awọn ẹya pataki julọ ti ewi al-Majdhub ni iwulo rẹ si ọkunrin ti o rọrun ni ita, bi Osama Taj Al-Sir ṣe gbagbọ pe Al-Majzoub: “Ewi ti o gbe - ni ewì giga ati ede alaworan - lati aarin aarin ti igbesi aye si ẹba rẹ (ede, awujọ, ati iṣelu). al-Majdhub mẹnuba awọn idi ti o wa ninu ibẹrẹ Nar al-Majdhub: “Mo ti jàǹfààní púpọ̀ láti inú dídarapọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ènìyàn, ní pàtàkì àwọn aláìní, nítorí wọ́n ní òtítọ́ tí ó gbámúṣé tí ó ṣe mí láǹfààní tí ó sì mú mi láradá”.[5][7]
al-Majdhub kọ nọmba kan ti awọn iwe miiran ati awọn ilana.[8] O tun kopa ninu awọn iwe irohin, fun apẹẹrẹ, The Nile, Hana Omdurman, Youth and Sports, ati awọn iwe irohin Sudan miiran. Ni ede Larubawa, Dar Al-Hilal, Al-Doha, ati iwe irohin Beirut Al-Adab ti n gbe iṣẹ rẹ jade. O ni orisirisi awọn ifọrọwani redio redio, eyiti eyiti o ṣe pataki ninu eyiti awọn iforọwani ipawo rẹ pẹlu redio ati redio Sudanese, Voice of the Arabs, Voice of America, German, Egypt and Tunisian radio.
Igbesi aye oloselu àtúnṣe
al-Majdhub se idasile pẹlu Mahmoud Muhammad Taha Ẹgbẹ arakunrin Republikani ni Sudan ni ọdun 1945.[9] Ẹgbẹ Arakunrin Republikani ṣe alabapin ninu ija fun ominira lodisi ijọba amunisin ti Ilu Gẹẹsi-Egipti . al-Majdhub ni awọn ewi ti o yìn awọn ipo ti Republican Party ati Mahmoud Muhammad Taha.[10]
al-Majdhub ku ni ọjọ 3 Oṣu Kẹta ọdun 1982 ni Omdurman, Sudan.[1]
Ogún àtúnṣe
al-Majdhub ti gba idanimọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti awọn iwe ara ilu Sudan gẹgẹbi itọpa ninu isọdọtun ti ewi Sudanese. O ti wa ni ka pẹlu ipile kan pataki ewì ronu, pẹlú pẹlu rẹ ojulumo Abdalla al Tayeb, eyi ti o ṣe titun kan ona si ẹda oríkì, kiko lati ibile ati kosemi ewì fọọmu ati awọn ẹkọ.[3] Ile-iwe tuntun ti ewi yii gba aṣa ti ko ni ihamọ ati ominira diẹ sii, ni ibamu pẹlu awọn iṣe ti awọn ewi ode oni.[4]
Awọn itọkasi àtúnṣe
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 https://www.odabasham.net/%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86/22567-%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A8
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 https://www.aljazeera.net/culture/2022/3/3/%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%83%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b5%d8%ae%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b1%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%85-40
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Ẹda pamosi". Archived from the original on 2023-05-21. Retrieved 2023-12-15.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 https://books.google.com/books?id=WAs7lGNkVBkC&dq=%22Muhammad+al-Mahdi+al-Majdhub%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA284
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 https://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474474962.003.0005
- ↑ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07393140120030359
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 https://www.jstor.org/stable/24350498
- ↑ https://www.altaghyeer.info/ar/2022/03/03/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%b0%d9%88%d8%a8-%d9%8a%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%87-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%86-%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%81/
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=HeqKDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Muhammad+al-Mahdi+al-Majdhub%22&pg=PP1
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=HeqKDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Muhammad+al-Mahdi+al-Majdhub%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA278