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DNA: Ìyàtọ̀ láàrin àwọn àtúnyẹ̀wò

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Alopo emeji DNA double helix je gbigbero pelu ipa meji: awon [[hydrogen bond|ide haidrojin]] larin awon nukleotidi ati awon ibasepo [[Stacking (chemistry)|ipele ipile]] larin awon ipilenukleu [[aromatic|oloorundidun]].<ref name="Yakovchuk2006">{{cite journal |author=Yakovchuk P, Protozanova E, Frank-Kamenetskii MD |title=Base-stacking and base-pairing contributions into thermal stability of the DNA double helix |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=564–74 |year=2006 |pmid=16449200 |pmc=1360284 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkj454 }}</ref> Ninu ayika olomi ahamo, awon [[Pi bond|ide π]] adarapo awon ipile nukleotidi naro mo ipo horo DNA, láti dín iye ìbáṣepọ̀ wọn pọ̀ mọ́ [[solvation shell|igbá ìṣèdàlú]] kù ati bíi bẹ́ẹ̀, [[Gibbs free energy|okun òmìnira Gibbs]]. Àwọn ìpìlẹ̀ mẹ́rẹ̀ẹ̀rin tó wà nínú DNA ni [[adenine|adẹnínì]] (kíkékúrú sí A), [[cytosine|ṣitosínì]] (kíkékúrú sí C), [[guanine|guanínì]] (kíkékúrú sí G) àti [[thymine|timínì]] (kíkékúrú sí T). Àwọn ìpìlẹ̀ mẹ́rẹ̀ẹ̀rin yìí ni wọ́n so pọ̀ mọ́ ṣúgà/oníyọ̀fósfórù láti dá odidi núkléótídì, bó ṣe hàn fún [[adenosine monophosphate|adenosínì oníyọ̀fósfórùkan]].
 
TheÀwọn nucleobasesìpìlẹ̀núkléù arepín classifiedsí intoirú two typesméjì: theàwọn [[purine|purínì]]s, A andàti G, beingtí fusedwọ́n five-jẹ́ andọlọ́mọ six-memberedẹgbẹ́ márùún àti mẹ́fà àwọn [[heterocyclic compound|àdàpọ̀ aláàyípoọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀]]s, andàti theàwọn [[pyrimidine|pirimidínì]]s, theọlọ́mọ six-memberedẹgbẹ́ ringsmẹ́fà C andàti T.<ref name=berg/> AÌpìlẹ̀núkléù fifthpirimidínì pyrimidine nucleobasekarùún, [[uracil|urasílì]] (kíkékúrú sí U), usuallyló takesúndípò thetimínì placenínú ofRNA, thymineó insì RNAyàtọ̀ andsí differstimínì fromnkpa thyminepé bykò lacking aní [[methyl group|àdìpọ̀ mẹ́tílì]] onnínú itsòrùka ringrẹ̀. UracilUrasílì iskì notí usuallysábà foundsí innínú DNA, occurring only as a breakdown product of cytosine. In addition to RNA and DNA a large number of artificial [[nucleic acid analogues]] have also been created to study the proprieties of nucleic acids, or for use in biotechnology.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Verma S, Eckstein F |title=Modified oligonucleotides: synthesis and strategy for users |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=67 |pages=99–134 |year=1998 |pmid=9759484 |doi=10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.99}}</ref>
 
[[File:DNA-ligand-by-Abalone.png|left|thumb|Major and minor grooves of DNA. Minor groove is a binding site for the dye [[Hoechst stain|Hoechst 33258]].]]
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