Name: Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) ("The Senate and People of Rome") [nb 1] Ilẹ̀ Ọbalúayé Rómù Roman Empire
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Vexillum with aquila and Roman state acronym
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The maximum extent of Roman Empire under Trajan in AD 117
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Capital
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Rome was the sole political capital until AD 286 There were several political centres during the Tetrarchy while Rome continued to be the nominal, cultural, and ideological capital. Constantine re-founded and established the city of Constantinople as the new capital of the empire in 330[1]. Mediolanum (Milan) was its western counterpart during the increasingly frequent East/West divisions. The western imperial court was later relocated to Ravenna.
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Language(s)
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Latin, Greek
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Religion
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Polytheism and Roman imperial cult (to 380) Christianity (from 380)
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Government
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Autocracy
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Emperor
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- 27 BC–AD 14
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Augustus
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- 378–395
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Theodosius I
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- 475–476 / 1449–1453
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Romulus Augustus / Constantine XI
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Legislature
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Roman Senate
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Historical era
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Classical antiquity
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- Battle of Actium
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2 September 31 BC
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- Octavian proclaimed Augustus
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27 BC
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- Diocletian splits imperial administration between East and West
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285
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- Constantine the Great establishes Constantinople as a new imperial capital
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330
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- Death of Theodosius the Great, followed by permanent division of the Empire into eastern and western halves
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395
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- Deposition of western emperor Romulus Augustus/Fall of Constantinople *
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AD 476/1453
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Area
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- 25 BC[2][3] |
2,750,000 km2 (1,061,781 sq mi)
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- 50[2] |
4,200,000 km2 (1,621,629 sq mi)
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- 117[2] |
5,000,000 km2 (1,930,511 sq mi)
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- 390 [2] |
4,400,000 km2 (1,698,849 sq mi)
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Population
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- 25 BC[2][3] est.
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56,800,000
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Density
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20.7 /km2 (53.5 /sq mi)
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- 117[2] est.
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88,000,000
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Density
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17.6 /km2 (45.6 /sq mi)
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Currency
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(a) 27 BC - AD 212: 1 gold aureus (1/40 lb. of gold, devalued to 1/50 lb. by 212) = 25 silver denarii = 100 bronze sesterces = 400 copper asses. (b) 294 - 312: 1 gold aureus solidus (1/60 lb. of gold) = 10 silver argentei = 40 bronze folles = 1,000 debased metal denarii (c) 312 onwards: 1 gold solidus (1/72 lb.) = 24 silver siliquae = 180 bronze folles
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* These events marked the end of the Western Roman Empire (286–476)[4] and of the Eastern Roman Empire (330–1453), respectively.
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Warning: Value specified for "continent" does not comply
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