Wikipedia

Kòlómbìà

(Àtúnjúwe láti Republic of Colombia)

Kòlómbìà (pípè /kəˈlʌmbiə/), fun onibis bi Orile-ede Olominira ile Kolombia (Spánì: [República de Colombia] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), pronounced [reˈpuβlika ðe koˈlombja]  ( listen)), je orile-ede olominira onilana-ibagbepo ni ariwaapaiwoorun Guusu Amerika. Kolombia ni bode ni ilaorun pelu Venezuela[6] ati Brazil;[7] ni guusu pelu Ecuador ati Peru;[8] ni ariwa pelu Okun Karibeani; ni ariwailaorun pelu Panama; ati ni iwoorun pelu Okun Pasifiki. Bakanna Kolombia tun pin bode odo pelu Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, Dominiki Olominira, Honduras, Nicaragua ati Costa Rica.[9][10] Pelu iye awon eniyan to to egbegberun 45, Kolombia ni iye eniyan 29th titobijulo lagbaye ati ikeji titobijulo ni Guusu Amerika, leyin Brazil.

Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kòlómbìà
Republic of Colombia

República de Colombia  (Híspánì)
Motto: "Libertad y Orden"  (Híspánì)
"Liberty and Order"
Orin ìyìn: ¡Oh, Gloria Inmarcesible!  (Híspánì)
O unfading glory!
Location of Kòlómbìà
Olùìlú
àti ìlú tótóbijùlọ
Bogotá
Àwọn èdè ìṣẹ́ọbaSpanish1
Lílò regional languagesThe languages and dialects of ethnic groups are also official in their territories.[1]
Àwọn ẹ̀yà ènìyàn
58% Mestizo
21% Afro Colombian
20% White
1% Amerindian[2]
Orúkọ aráàlúColombian
ÌjọbaUnitary presidential republic
• President
Gustavo Petro
Francia Márquez
Independence 
From Spain
• Declared
July 20, 1810
• Recognized
August 7, 1819
1991
Ìtóbi
• Total
1,138,910 km2 (439,740 sq mi) (26th)
• Omi (%)
8.8
Alábùgbé
• March 2010 estimate
45,393,050[3] (29th)
• 2005 census
42,888,592[3]
• Ìdìmọ́ra
40/km2 (103.6/sq mi) (168th)
GDP (PPP)2009 estimate
• Total
$401.966 billion[4]
• Per capita
$9,200[4]
GDP (nominal)2009 estimate
• Total
$228.836 billion[4]
• Per capita
$5,087[4]
Gini (2006)52
high
HDI (2007)▲ 0.807
Error: Invalid HDI value · 77th
OwónínáPeso (COP)
Ibi àkókòUTC-52
Irú ọjọ́ọdúndd-mm-yyyy (CE)
Ojúọ̀nà ọkọ́otun
Àmì tẹlifóònù+57
Internet TLD.co
  1. Although the Colombian Constitution does not specify the Spanish as official language in all its territory, the native languages (approximately 75 dialects) are also official in their own territories.
  2. The official Colombian time, (horalegal.sic.gov.co) is controlled and coordinated by the state agency "Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio".[5]

Agbegbe ti a n pe ni Kolombia loni koko je ibugbe awon ara abibibi bi Muisca, Quimbaya, ati Tairona. Awon ara Spein debe ni 1499 won si bere isegun ati iseamusinibe, won fikupa tabi se ikoleru bi 90% awon eniyan ibe, nigbana ni won sedasile Ibasorun ile Grenada Tuntun (to ni ile odeoni Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, ariwaiwoorun agbegbe ile Brazil ati Panama) pelu oluilu re ni Bogotá.[11] Ilominira latowo Spain waye ni 1819, sugbon ni 1830 "Gran Colombia" daru eyi fa ki Venezuela ati Ecuador o pinya soto. Awon ti a mo loni bi Kolombia ati Panama di Orile-ede Olominira ile Grenada Tuntun. Orile-ede tuntun yi sedanwo ijoba isealapapo gege bi Ijosepapo Grenada (1858), ati leyin re bi Iparapo awon Ipinle Kolombia (1863), ki o to dipe won kede Orile-ede Olominira ile Kolombia nigbeyin ni 1886.[2] Panama pinya ni 1903 labe ifitipatipa sanwo fun ijoba orile-ede Amerika lati ko Ìladò Panamá.

Orisun itumo oruko

àtúnṣe

Oro to n je Kolombia wa lati oruko Christopher Columbus (Spani: Cristóbal Colón). Francisco de Miranda lo koko lo lati fi tokasi gbogbo ile Agbaye Tuntun. Ni 1819 Gran Kolombia gba bi oruko re nigba to je didasile latinu awon agegbe Viceroyalty of New Granada tele (Kolombia, Panama, Venezuela ati Ekuador loni).[12]

Jeografi

àtúnṣe
Àyọkà olórí: Geography of Colombia
Ẹ tún wo: Natural Regions of Colombia àti Geology of Colombia


 
Shaded relief map of Colombia

Kolombia ni bode ni ilaorun mo Venezuela ati Brazil; ni guusu mo Ecuador ati Peru; ni ariwa mo Panama ati Omi-okun Karibeani; besini ni iwoorun mo Ekuador ati Okun Pasifiki.

Kolombia wa ni ibi ti an pe ni Oruka Ina Pasifiki, ibi ileaye to ni opo iminle ati okeileru, o tun ni awon oke Andes.

Itan

àtúnṣe

Igba Isaaju-Kolombia

àtúnṣe

Nibi odun 10,000 kJ, awon awujo ode ati akoeran wa nitosi ii ti Bogotá wa loni (ni "El Abra" ati "Tequendama") ti won sowo pelu ara won ati awon awujo miran ni Afonifoji Odo Magdalena Valley.[13] Bere ni egberundun akoko kJ, awon adipo awon omo Amerindia sedagbasoke sistemu oloselu to n je "cacicazgo" pelu opo agba bi piramidi, eyun latoke wa sisale ti awon olori re unje "cacique". Ninu Kolombia awon asa meji pelu sistemu cacicazgo lilojujulo ni awon Tayrona ni Agbegbe Karibeani, ati awon Muiska nibi awon ileoke layika Bogotá, awon mejeji ti won je ti ebi ede Chibcha. Awon Muiska ni won je gbigba bi awon ti won ni sistemu oloselu adagbasoke julo ni Guuusu Amerika leyin awon Inka.[14]

Iwari, ibori ati imunisin latowo awon ara Spein

àtúnṣe
 
Attack on Cartagena de Indias

Awon oluwakiri ara Spein gunle si etiodo guusu Karibeani ni 1499 pelu Rodrigo de Bastidas bi olori won. Christopher Columbus gan na wa oko oju omi koja legbe Karibeani ni 1502. Ni 1508, Vasco Nuñez de Balboa bere sini se ijabori awon agbegbe Urabá. Ni 1513, ohun ni ara Europe akoko to de Okun Pasifiki, eyi to pe ni Mar del Sur ("Omi-okun Guusu"), nipa bayi o si ona fun awon ara Spein yioku lati lo si Peru ati Tsile. Gbogbo agbegbe yi ni awon eya bi awon Chibchan ati awon Carib, awon yi ti awon ara Spein bori diedie boya pelu ijagun tabi nipa ibarepo, Nigbakana, awon arun ti awon ara Europe mu wa pelu won, bi sopanna, ati ija ibori ati ipalemo eya eniyan to n sele, fa diedie ki awon olugbe abinibi ibe o idin pupo.[15] Ni orundun 16th awon ara Europe bere si ni mu awon eru wa lati Afrika.

Igbominira lowo Spein

àtúnṣe

Leyin ibori Kolombia lowo awon ara Spein ati igba pipe imunisin lowo won, opo egbe arinkankan lodide lati gba idawa tabi ilominira patapata agbegbe orile-ede. Opo ni awon wonyi ni awon ara Spein fi jagidijagan ko nile, be sini awon miran ninu won ko ni agbara to lati mu iyipada wa. Egbe arinkankan fun ilominira to gbeyin bere arin 1810, leyin igba ti Saint Domingue (Haiti loni) gba ilominira ni 1804. Eyi fu itileyin gidi fun awon to solori ijidide ni Kolombia, eyun Simón Bolívar ati Francisco de Paula Santander. Bolívar di Aare akoko orile-ede Kolombia alominira leyin ijabori ni ijaogun Boyacá, leyin ti Bolívar fipo yi sile, Santander to je igbakeji re di Aare ikeji orile-ede Kolombia. Ijidide yi pari layorisirere ni 1819, nigbati Ibasorun ile Grenada Tuntun bo si owo Orile-ede Olominira Kolombia ti a sese dasile ngbana bi isokan Ekuador, Kolombia ati Venezuela. Panama nigbana je apa ile Kolombia.

Ijoba

àtúnṣe

Awon ipin amojuto

àtúnṣe
Àwọn Àyọkà olórí: Departments of Colombia àti Municipalities of Colombia
Ẹ tún wo: List of cities in Colombia àti Corregimientos of Colombia


Kolombia je pipin si awon 32 ipinpa 32 ati agbegbe oluilu kan, ti won mu bi ipinpa kan (Bogotá na tun je oluilu fun ipinpa Cundinamarca). Awon ipinpa na tun je pinpinlabe si awon munisipal, ikokan won to ni ibujoko munisipal, bakanna awon munisipal tun je pipinsabe si corregimientos. Ipinpa kokan ni ijoba ibile pelu gomina ati ile-igbimo asofin ti won n je didiboyan tara si igba odun merin. Munispal kookan ni baale ati igbimo, be sini corregimiento kookan ni corregidor, tabi olori ibile.

Lapapo mo oluilu, awon ilu miran na tun wa ti pe ni agbegbe, nitori ini pataki ti won ni. Awon wonyi ni Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Popayán, Bucaramanga, Tunja, Turbo, Buenaventura ati Tumaco. Awon apaipin ni ipinabe ibile amojuto, nibi ti awon ilu ni awon olugbe to tobi ti won si wa nitosi ara won (fun apere ni Antioquia ati Cundinamarca). Nibi to ba je pe aon olugbe kere sugbon won ni isoro abo (fun apere Amazonas, Vaupés ati Vichada), ipin amojuto pataki je lilo, bi "apaipin corregimientos", to je adapo ilu ati corregimiento.


E te klik sori apaipin kan lori maapu lati losi ayoka re.

 La Guajira DepartmentMagdalena DepartmentAtlántico DepartmentCesar DepartmentBolívar DepartmentNorte de Santander DepartmentSucre DepartmentCórdoba DepartmentSantander DepartmentAntioquia DepartmentBoyacá DepartmentArauca DepartmentChocó DepartmentCaldas DepartmentCundinamarca DepartmentCasanare DepartmentVichada DepartmentValle del Cauca DepartmentTolima DepartmentMeta DepartmentHuila DepartmentGuainía DepartmentGuaviare DepartmentCauca DepartmentVaupés DepartmentNariño DepartmentCaquetá DepartmentPutumayo DepartmentAmazonas DepartmentRisaralda DepartmentRisaralda DepartmentQuindío DepartmentQuindío DepartmentBogotáBogotáArchipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina
 Department Capital city
1   Amazonas Leticia
2   Antioquia Medellín
3   Arauca Arauca
4   Atlántico Barranquilla
5   Bolívar Cartagena
6   Boyacá Tunja
7   Caldas Manizales
8   Caquetá Florencia
9   Casanare   Yopal
10   Cauca Popayán
11   Cesar Valledupar      
12   Chocó Quibdó
13   Córdoba Montería
14   Cundinamarca Bogotá
15   Guainía Inírida
16   Guaviare San José del Guaviare
17   Huila Neiva
 Department Capital city
18   La Guajira   Riohacha
19   Magdalena Santa Marta
20   Meta Villavicencio
21   Nariño Pasto
22   Norte de Santander Cúcuta
23   Putumayo Mocoa
24   Quindío Armenia
25   Risaralda Pereira
26   San Andrés, Providencia
and Santa Catalina		 San Andrés
27   Santander Bucaramanga
28   Sucre Sincelejo
29   Tolima Ibagué
30   Valle del Cauca Cali
31   Vaupés Mitú
32   Vichada Puerto Carreño
33   Capital District Bogotá

Oro okere

àtúnṣe
Àyọkà olórí: Foreign relations of Colombia
Ẹ tún wo: Diplomatic missions of Colombia


 
President of Colombia Álvaro Uribe being presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by former President of the United States George W. Bush.

Awon oro okere ile Kolombia je latowo Aare ile Kolombia won si unje kikoso latowo Alakoso Oro Okere. Colombia ni awon iranlose diplomati ni gbogbo orile-ede be sini o je sisoju ninu awon agbajo alakopapupo ni awon ibudo yi:

Kolombia je omo egbe Agbajo awon Orile-ede Andes ati Isokan awon Orile-ede Guusu Amerika.

Awon ara Kolombia gbodo gba visa olubewo fun awon orile-ede 180 lati lo si be[16] and do not need tourist visa for 15 countries.[17]

Abo

àtúnṣe

Iselu

àtúnṣe

Okowo

àtúnṣe

Dimografiki

àtúnṣe

Eko

àtúnṣe

Asa

àtúnṣe
  Àyọkà yìí tàbí apá rẹ̀ únfẹ́ àtúnṣe sí.

Ẹ le fẹ̀ jù báyìí lọ tàbí kí ẹ ṣàtúnṣe rẹ̀ lọ́nà tí yíò mu kúnrẹ́rẹ́. Ẹ ran Wikipedia lọ́wọ́ láti fẹ̀ẹ́ jù báyìí lọ.

Itokasi

àtúnṣe
  1. ↑ Constitution of Colombia, 1991 (Article 10) (Híspánì)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 CIA world fact book (2009-05-14). "Colombia". CIA. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-05-24. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística". Dane.gov.co. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2010-05-16. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Colombia". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2010-04-21. 
  5. ↑ "Decreto 2153 de 1992" (PDF). Presidencia de la República de Colombia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2008-10-13.  Unknown parameter |cite= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |idiom= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Gerhar Sandner, Beate Ratter, Wolf Dietrich Sahr and Karsten Horsx (1993). "Conflictos Territoriales en el Mar Caribe: El conflicto fronterizo en el Golfo de Venezuela". Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2010-03-01. Retrieved 2008-01-05. 
  7. ↑ The Geographer Office of the Geographer Bureau of Intelligence and Research (1985-04-15). "Brazil-Colombia boundary" (PDF). International Boundary Study. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-16. Retrieved 2008-01-05. 
  8. ↑ CIA (2007-12-13). "Ecuador". World Fact Book. Archived from the original on 2007-06-12. Retrieved 2008-01-05. 
  9. ↑ (Híspánì) Tratados Internacionales limítrofes de Colombia
  10. ↑ (Híspánì) Colombia – Limites territoriales Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine.
  11. ↑ Nicolás del Castillo Mathieu (1992). "La primera vision de las costas Colombianas, Repaso de Historia". Revista Credencial (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2007-10-19. Retrieved 2008-02-29.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ Carlos Restrepo Piedrahita (1992). "El nombre "Colombia", El único país que lleva el nombre del Descubrimiento". Revista Credencial (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2008-01-05. Retrieved 2008-02-29.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ Van der Hammen, T. and Correal, G. 1978: "Prehistoric man on the Sabana de Bogotá: data for an ecological prehistory"; Paleography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 25:179–190
  14. ↑ Broadbent, Sylvia 1965: Los Chibchas: organización socio-política. Série Latinoamericana 5. Bogotá: Facultad de Sociología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  15. ↑ "The Story Of... Smallpox — and other Deadly Eurasian Germs". Pbs.org. Retrieved 2010-05-16. 
  16. ↑ "Gobiernoenlinea.gov.co". Archived from the original on 2007-08-02. Retrieved 2010-08-08. 
  17. ↑ Gobiernoenlinea.gov.co[Ìjápọ̀ tí kò ṣiṣẹ́ mọ́] 72
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