Àwọn èdè irú Yorùbá
(Àtúnjúwe láti Yoruboid languages)
Yoruboid is a group of languages composed of Igala, a language spoken in central Nigeria, and the Edekiri group, the members of which are spoken in a band across Togo, Benin and southwestern Nigeria. The name Yoruboid derives from its most widely spoken member, Yoruba, which has more than 20 million speakers. Another well-known Yoruboid language is Itsekiri (Nigeria, 600,00-800,000 speakers). The Yoruboid group is a branch of Defoid, which itself is a branch of the Benue-Congo subfamily of the Niger-Congo language family.
| Yoruboid | |
|---|---|
| Ìpínká ìyaoríilẹ̀: | Togo, Benin and south-western Nigeria |
| Ìyàsọ́tọ̀: | Niger-Kóngò
|
| Àwọn ìpín-abẹ́: | |
Igala is a key Yoruboid language, spoken by 1.8 million people in the Niger-Benue confluence of central Nigeria, it is excised from the main body of Yoruboid languages to the west by Ebirra and the Edo languages. Igala is closely related to both Yoruba and Itsekiri languages.
All Yoruboid languages are tonal, with most of them having three level tones. Grammatically, they are isolating with a Subject Object Verb basic word order.
The Itsekiri's are a riverine Yoruboid people who live in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. They maintain a distinct identity separate from other Yoruboid people. Their neighbours are the Urhobos, The Ijaws, and the Mahin Ilaje, a Yoruba clan.
Proto-Yoruboid reconstructions
àtúnṣe- See also: List of Proto-Yoruboid reconstructions (Wiktionary)
Èdè Yorùbá and Proto-Yoruboid:[1]
| No. | Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì (English) | Èdè Yorùbá | PYIG (Proto-Yoruba-Igala) | PYIS (Proto-Yoruba-Isekiri) | PYOR (Proto-Yoruba) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abuse v., insult v. | bú | *bú | ||
| 3 | arid, up | gbígbẹ | *rò | ||
| 4 | all | gbogbo | *dVdV | ||
| 9 | arrive, meet | dé, pàdé | *dé | ||
| 10 | ashes | èrúń | *e-rĩ́rṹ | ||
| 11 | ask (question) | béèrè | *bi | ||
| 12 | axe | àké | *ɛ-dʊ̃̀ | ||
| 13 | axe | àké | *-ké | ||
| 14 | back | ẹ̀yìn | *à-ɲì̃ | ||
| 15 | bag | àpò | *à-kpò | ||
| 16 | bald, be | párí | *kpá (?) | ||
| 19 | beans | ẹ̀wà | *ɛ̀-gwà | ||
| 20 | beans | ẹ̀wà | *e-rèé | ||
| 21 | beat (person, drum) | lù | *lù | ||
| 22 | bedbug | ìdun | *ɪ̀-dʊ̃ | ||
| 23 | bee, honey | oyin | *o-ɲĩ | ||
| 25 | big, great | ńlá | *-la | ||
| 26 | bird | ẹyẹ | *ɛ-wɛ | ||
| 27 | block, be | dí | *-dṹ | ||
| 28 | block (of hole, ear) | dí | *dĩ | ||
| 30 | blood | ẹ̀jẹ̀ | *ɛ̀-byɛ̀ | ||
| 31 | blow (of wind, with mouth) | fẹ́ | *fɛ́ | ||
| 32 | blow (of wind) | fẹ́ | *jù | ||
| 33 | body | ara | *V-ra | ||
| 36 | bone | egungun | *V-k'ĩk'ũ | ||
| 39 | bow n. | tẹríba | *ɔ-ɗʊ̃ | ||
| 40 | break (pot, calabash etc.) | fọ́ | *fɔ́ | ||
| 42 | break (nut) | fọ́ | *kpa | ||
| 43 | breast | ọyọ̀n | *ɛ-ɲã̀ | ||
| 44 | breast | ọyọ̀n | *ɔ-mʊ̃́ | ||
| 45 | breathe | mí | *ŋmĩ́ | ||
| 46 | buffalo (bushcow) | ẹfọ̀n | *ɛ-fã̀ | ||
| 47 | build (with bricks) | kọ́ | *kɔ́ | ||
| 49 | burn (trans.) | jó | *jó | ||
| 50 | bury (object) | sin | *ɗì | ||
| 51 | bury (corpse) | sin | *sĩ | ||
| 52 | buttocks, button | ìdí | *ù-dí (ì-) | ||
| 54 | buy | rà | *rà | ||
| 55 | calabash | igbá | *ʊ-gbá | ||
| 56 | call, summon | pè | *kpè | ||
| 57 | carry load (on the head) | rù | *ɗù | ||
| 58 | carry load (with hands) | gbé | *gbé | ||
| 59 | carve (of wood) | igbẹ | *gbɛ̃́ | ||
| 62 | chest | àyà | *à-yà | ||
| 64 | chew, masticate, crush | jẹ | *rʊ̃́ | ||
| 65 | chew-stick, timber logs | pákọ́ | *o-rĩ́ | ||
| 66 | chicken, fowl | adìyẹ | *a-dɪ̀wɛ | ||
| 67 | child(ren) | ọmọ | *ɔ-mã | ||
| 68 | chin, jaw | àgbọ̀n | *à-gbã̀ | ||
| 69 | choose | yàn | *ɲã̀ | ||
| 71 | clear (bush) | ṣá oko | *cã́ | ||
| 72 | climb, mount | gùn | *gũ̀ | ||
| 74 | cock | àkùkọ | *à-kɪ̀kɔ | ||
| 76 | come | wá | *ɓá | ||
| 77 | cook, boil | sè | *sì | ||
| 78 | corpse | òkú | *ò-kú | ||
| 79 | count | kà | *kà | ||
| 80 | cover, put on (head, pot) | dè | *dé | ||
| 81 | cover up, protect | dáàbò | *bò | ||
| 82 | cowry, niece (of something), seed | idẹ, irugbin | *ɛ-yɔ | ||
| 83 | crab | akàn | *a-kɪ̃ã̀rã́ | ||
| 84 | crocodile | ọ̀nì | *ɔ̀-nɪ | ||
| 85 | crow | ẹyẹ kanna kánná | *kɔ | ||
| 89 | cut (with knife, axe), hack, peck | gé, ṣá | *cá | ||
| 90 | cut (with hand), sever | gé | *já | ||
| 92 | dance v. | jó | *jí | ||
| 93 | defecate | ṣu | *cũ | ||
| 94 | demolish | wó | (?) *gwí | ||
| 96 | destroy, exterminate | parun | *rũ | ||
| 97 | dew | ìrì | *è-rì | ||
| 98 | die | kú | *kú | ||
| 100 | dig | gbẹ́ | *gwà | ||
| 101 | dig, bore into (something) | gbẹ́ | *gwɔ̀ | ||
| 102 | disease, illness | àìsàn | *à-wʊ̃̀ | ||
| 103 | divide, share | pín | *kpɪ̃́ | ||
| 106 | dog | ajá | *a-byá | ||
| 107 | drag | wọ́ | *gwɔ́ | ||
| 108 | dream v. | lí àlá | *lá | ||
| 109 | dream n. | àlá | *V̀-lá | ||
| 110 | drink | mímu | *ŋmʊ̃ | ||
| 111 | drive (vehicle), paddle | wà | *gwà | ||
| 112 | dry, become (of voter, cloth, etc.) | gbẹ | *gbɛ | ||
| 113 | duiker, antelope | ẹtu | *a-tu | ||
| 115 | ear | etí | *e-tĩ́ | ||
| 117 | eat | jẹ | *jɛ | ||
| 118 | egg | ẹyin | *ɛ-g'ɪ | ||
| 119 | eight | ẹ́jọ | *ɛ́-jɔ | ||
| 120 | elephant | erin | *e-rĩ | ||
| 122 | end V., be finished | parí | *kpaVɗí | ||
| 123 | end v., be finished (intr.) | parí | *tã́ | ||
| 124 | end of (something) | òpin | *òkpĩ | ||
| 125 | enter (a place) | wọ̀ | *wɔ̀ | ||
| 126 | evening | ìrọ̀lẹ́ | *a-lɛ́ | ||
| 127 | evidence | ẹ̀rí | *à-rí | ||
| 131 | eye | ojú | *e-jú | ||
| 132 | fads (of materials colour) | ṣá | *cá | ||
| 133 | faeces, excrement | ìgbẹ́ | *i-wĩ́ | ||
| 134 | fall (of rain) | rọ̀ | *rɔ̀ | ||
| 135 | farm n. | oko | *o-ko | ||
| 136 | farmer | àgbẹ̀ | *à-gbɛ̃̀ | ||
| 137 | fastens lock, close | dè | *tĩ̀ | ||
| 138 | fasten, lock, dam | dè | *sé | ||
| 139 | fat | sanra | (?) *V̀-rá | ||
| 140 | fear n. | ẹ̀rù | *à-rũ̀ | ||
| 141 | feather | ìyẹ́ | *ɪ̀-wɛ́ | ||
| 142 | feed (somebody) | bọ́ | *bɔ́ | ||
| 143 | female | alábìnrin | *o-bí | ||
| 144 | female | alábìnrin | *a-bo | ||
| 146 | fight v. | jà | *jà | ||
| 149 | fire | iná | *ʊ-nɪ̃ã́ | ||
| 151 | fish | ẹja | *ɛ-ja | ||
| 152 | fishhook | ìwọ̀ | *ʊ̀-wɔ̀ | ||
| 153 | five | áàrún | *à-rʊ̃ã́ | ||
| 154 | flow (as water, river) | ṣàn | *cã̀ | ||
| 155 | fly, jump | fò | *fò | ||
| 156 | foam, rage, boil over | hó | *Có | ||
| 158 | foot, leg | ẹsẹ̀ | *ɔ-sɛ̃̀ | ||
| 159 | forget | gbàgbé | *-gbé- | ||
| 160 | four | ẹ́ẹ̀rin | *ɛ̀-rɪ̃ | ||
| 162 | friend | ọ̀rẹ́ | *o-lùkũ | ||
| 163 | friend | ọ̀rẹ́ | *ɔ̀-rɛ́ | ||
| 164 | fruit | èso | *è-so | ||
| 165 | fruit-bat | àdán | *à-dɪ̃ã́ | ||
| 166 | fry (in oil) | dín | *dɪ̃́ | ||
| 167 | full, be | kún | *kʊ̃́ | ||
| 170 | give birth | bí | *bí | ||
| 171 | glitter, shine | ràn | *dã́ | ||
| 172 | go | lọ | *lɔ | ||
| 173 | goat, he | òbúkọ | *ɔ̀-bʊ́kɔ | ||
| 174 | goat, she | ewúrẹ́ | *e-ɓí | ||
| 176 | gown, robe | ẹ̀wù | *à-wù | ||
| 178 | grease | ìpara | *ʊ̀-jà (ɪ̀-) | ||
| 180 | greet, salute | kí | *gwa | ||
| 181 | greet, salute | kí | *kĩ́ | ||
| 182 | grey hair | ewú | *i-ɓṹ | ||
| 183 | grind | lọ̀ | *lɔ̀ | ||
| 184 | grinding stone | ọlọ | *V-lɔ | ||
| 185 | ground, earth | ilẹ̀ | *V-lɛ̀ | ||
| 187 | grumble, murmur | kanra | *kʊ̃̀ | ||
| 188 | guinea fowl | awó | *a-wí | ||
| 189 | guts, intestine | ìfun | *ìfũ (?) | ||
| 191 | hair | irun | *ʊ-rʊ̃ | ||
| 192 | hand | ọwọ́ | *ɔ-ɓɔ́ | ||
| 193 | hard, be, be difficult | le | *nĩ | ||
| 195 | hasten, quicken | yá | *yá | ||
| 196 | have, possess | ní | *nɪ̃́ | ||
| 197 | he, she | òun | *ò-ŋũ | ||
| 198 | head | orí | *o-ɗí | ||
| 199 | hear | gbọ́ | *gbɔ́ | ||
| 200 | heart (as a seat of emotion), chest | ọkàn | *ɛ̀-dʊ̃̀ | ||
| 201 | heart (as an organ), conscience | ọkàn | *ɔ-kɪã̀ | ||
| 202 | heavy, be | wúwo | *-ɓo | ||
| 204 | hips, waist | ìbàdí | *à-gí | ||
| 205 | hoe v., weed v. | ṣáko | *ro | ||
| 206 | hoe n. | ọkọ́ | *ɔ-kɔ́ | ||
| 208 | hole | ihò | *u-Cò (i-) | ||
| 210 | horn (of animal) | ìwo | *ù-ɣo | ||
| 211 | hot, be (as pepper) | ta | *ta | ||
| 212 | house | ilé | *u-lí | ||
| 213 | housefly | eṣinṣin | *V-cĩcĩ | ||
| 214 | hunger | ebi | *e-bi | ||
| 216 | hunter | ọdẹ | *ɔ-dɛ | ||
| 217 | husband, (male) | ọkọ | *ɔ-kɔ | ||
| 218 | I | èmi | *ò-mĩ | ||
| 220 | inside of | inu | *ɪ-nʊ̃́ | ||
| 223 | iron (metal) | irin | *ʊ-rɪ̃ (ɪ-) | ||
| 226 | journey | àjò | *à-jò | ||
| 228 | kill | pa | *kpa | ||
| 229 | knee | orókún | *-kṹ | ||
| 230 | knife | ọ̀bẹ | *ɔ̀-bɛ | ||
| 231 | know | mọ̀ | *mã̀ | ||
| 232 | ladle (wooden) | ṣíbí | *ʊ̀-kpã (ɪ̀-) | ||
| 233 | language | èdè | *è-dè | ||
| 234 | laugh | rẹ̀rín | *rĩ́ | ||
| 235 | laughter | ẹ̀rín | *à-rĩ́ | ||
| 236 | leaf | ewé | *e-wé (i-) | ||
| 237 | lean against | fẹ̀hìn tì | *rɔ̀ | ||
| 238 | learn, each | kọ́ | *kɔ́ | ||
| 239 | left (hand, side) | òsì | *ò-sì | ||
| 241 | lick | lá | *lá | ||
| 243 | live in, dwell in | gbé | *gbé | ||
| 244 | liver | ẹ̀dọ̀ | *V̀-dɔ̀ | ||
| 245 | load | ẹrù | *a-ɗũ̀ | ||
| 247 | look at | wò | *g'ò | ||
| 248 | lose (something), get lost | pàdánù | *-nɔ̃̀ | ||
| 249 | lost, be (intr.) | sọnù | *-nɔ̃̀ | ||
| 251 | louse | iná | *ʊ-nɪ̃ã́ | ||
| 252 | maggot | ìdin | *ɪ̀-dɪ̃ | ||
| 253 | make, do | ṣe | *ce | ||
| 255 | make ridges | kíkọ èbè | *kɔ | ||
| 258 | man, male | alákùnrin | *ɔ-kʊ̃rɪ̃ | ||
| 259 | many, be | ọ̀pọ | *wéwe | ||
| 260 | market place | ọjà | *a-jà | ||
| 262 | mat | ẹní | *a-nĩ́ | ||
| 264 | measure | ìwọ̀n | *ŋwã̀ | ||
| 265 | meat, animal | ẹranko | *ɛ-rɪ̃ã | ||
| 266 | medicine | ògùn | *o-gũ̀ | ||
| 268 | millipede | ọ̀kùn | *ɔ̀-kʊ̃̀ | ||
| 269 | money | owó | *e-ɣí | ||
| 270 | month | oṣù | *o-cũ̀ | ||
| 271 | moon | òṣùpá | *ɔ̀-cʊ̃̀kpá | ||
| 272 | mosquito | ẹ̀fọn | *i-mṹ | ||
| 273 | mould (pottery), build (with clay) | mọ̀ | *mã | ||
| 274 | mouldy, become, become rotten | kẹ̀ | *bu | ||
| 276 | mouth | ẹnu | *a-rʊ̃ã | ||
| 278 | nail v. | kàn | *kã̀ | ||
| 279 | nail (finger, toe) | èékáná | *ɛ̀-kɪ́kɪ̃ã́nã́ | ||
| 280 | name n. | orúkọ | *o-ɗú | ||
| 281 | navel, umbilical cord | ìdodo | *u-do (i-) | ||
| 282 | neck | ọrùn | *ɔ-rʊ̃̀ | ||
| 283 | new, be | tuntun | *-tʊ̃ | ||
| 284 | night | òru | *ò-ɗũ | ||
| 285 | nine | ẹ́ẹ̀sán | *ɛ̀-ɛɪ̃ã́ | ||
| 286 | noon | ọ̀sán | *ɔ̀-sɔ̃́ | ||
| 287 | nose | imú | *ɪ-ŋmʊ̃́ | ||
| 288 | nothing, emptiness | òfo | *-fo | ||
| 290 | oil, palm oil | epo | *e-kpo | ||
| 291 | old, be (of person, material) | gbó | *gbí | ||
| 292 | one | ọ̀kan, oókàn | *ɪ-nɛ̃́ | ||
| 293 | ooze (as water from rock) | tú jade | *sʊ̃ | ||
| 294 | open | ṣí | *cí | ||
| 295 | open, make way, separate | là | *bì | ||
| 298 | pare (nails) | gé | *ré | ||
| 299 | pay (for something) | san | *sɪ̃ã | ||
| 301 | peel (with knife), slice | bó | *bɛ | ||
| 303 | pepper | ata | *a-ta | ||
| 304 | perch (as bird), descend | bà | *bà | ||
| 305 | perish | parun | *gbé | ||
| 306 | person | ènìyàn | *ɔ-nɪ̃ | ||
| 308 | pierce, prick, stab | gún ní ǹkan | *gṹ | ||
| 309 | pierce, bore a hole | lu | *lu | ||
| 310 | plait (hair, rope), weave | dì | *bã | ||
| 311 | plait (hair, rope), tie | dì | *dĩ̀ | ||
| 312 | plant v. (tubers) | so | *gbɛ̃̀ | ||
| 314 | pound (in mortar) | gún | *gṹ | ||
| 315 | pour | dà | *dà | ||
| 316 | praise v. | yìn | *ɲɪ̃̀ | ||
| 318 | pregnant, become | lóyún | *ɲʊ̃́ | ||
| 322 | profit, gain | pa | *V̀-rè | ||
| 324 | pull | fà | *fà | ||
| 325 | push | tì | *tĩ̀ | ||
| 328 | rabbit, hare | ehoro | *a-Coro | ||
| 329 | race n. | eré | *V-ré | ||
| 331 | rain, stream | odò | *a-ji | ||
| 332 | rain | òjò | *ò-jò | ||
| 333 | ram | àgbò | *à-gbò | ||
| 334 | razor | abẹ | *a-bɛ | ||
| 335 | receive, accept, obtain | tẹ́wọ́gbà | *gbà | ||
| 336 | recount, tell, say, gossip | wí; sọ | *kà | ||
| 337 | red, be | pupa | *-kpa | ||
| 338 | refuse v. | kọ̀ | *kɔ̀ | ||
| 339 | rejoice | yọ̀ | *yɔ̀ | ||
| 340 | relative-in-law | àna | *à-nɪ̃ã | ||
| 341 | reply n., answer n. | dáhùn | *V̀-sì | ||
| 342 | ribs | ìhà | *ʊ̀-ɣà | ||
| 343 | ridges | ebè | *V-bV̀ | ||
| 344 | right (band, side) | ọ̀tún | *ɔ̀-tʊ̃́ | ||
| 345 | ripe, become | pọ́n | *kpã́ | ||
| 346 | roar, cry aloud | ké | *bú | ||
| 347 | roast (in fire) | sun | *sʊ̃ | ||
| 350 | rope (general) | okùn | *V-kũ̀ | ||
| 351 | rotten, become | kẹ̀ | *kɛ̀ | ||
| 352 | rotten, become | kẹ̀ | *rà | ||
| 354 | rub | pa | *kpa | ||
| 355 | run (a race) | sá | *sá | ||
| 356 | rush out | sáré jàde | *rí | ||
| 357 | saliva | itọ́ | *ɪ-tɔ̃́ | ||
| 358 | salt | iyọ̀ | *o-ɓũ | ||
| 359 | salt | iyọ̀ | *ɪ-yɔ̀ | ||
| 361 | say | sọ | *gwĩ́ | ||
| 363 | scrape off (with knife, razor) | fá | *fá | ||
| 364 | scratch, itch | họ́ | *Cʊ̃́ | ||
| 366 | sea | òkun | *ò-kũ | ||
| 367 | see | rí | *rí | ||
| 368 | seed, grain | èso | *u-rú | ||
| 371 | sell | tà | *tà | ||
| 372 | send (someone to do something) | rán | *rã́ | ||
| 374 | set trap, hunt | dẹ | *dɛ | ||
| 375 | seven | éèje | *è-bye | ||
| 377 | sew (with thread) | rán | *rã́ | ||
| 378 | shade, swing | ibojì | *mĩ̀ | ||
| 379 | shake off, peel off | gbọ̀n | *ŋwã́ | ||
| 383 | shoot (gun) | yìn | *ɲi | ||
| 384 | shoot (arrow, catapult) | ta | *ta | ||
| 385 | show, appear | ṣàfihàn, hàn | *ŋɪ̃ã̀ | ||
| 386 | side (of house, road) | ẹ̀gbẹ́ | *V̀-bá | ||
| 387 | side (of body) | ẹ̀gbẹ́ | *ɛ̀-gbɛ́ | ||
| 388 | six | ẹ́ẹ́fà | *ɛ̀-fà | ||
| 389 | skin (by hand) | yíya | *bí | ||
| 390 | skin off, scratch | yún | *ɣa | ||
| 391 | skin, hide | awọ | *a-g'ɔ̃ | ||
| 392 | slave | ẹrú | *a-ɗú | ||
| 393 | sleep v. | sùn | *sũ̀ | ||
| 394 | sleep n. | orun | *o-rũ | ||
| 395 | slice, chop | bẹ́, gé | *rɛ́ | ||
| 397 | smell, stink | òórùn | *rũ̀ | ||
| 398 | snail | ìgbín | *ʊ̀-gbɪ̃́ (ɪ̀-) | ||
| 399 | snake | ejò | *e-jò | ||
| 400 | snap, break (stick), fold | kán, ká | *cɛ́ | ||
| 401 | snatch, catch | mú | *ŋã́ | ||
| 402 | snore | họrun | *ŋwõ̀ | ||
| 403 | soft, be, be tender | rírọ̀ | *rɔ̀ | ||
| 404 | soft, be (become excessively ripe) | rọ̀ | *dɛ̃̀ | ||
| 405 | song | orin | *e-rĩ | ||
| 406 | sour, become | kan | *kã | ||
| 407 | smear | sán | *ɔ̀-kɪɔ̀ | ||
| 408 | split, divide | pín | *dá | ||
| 409 | split | là | *là | ||
| 410 | sprout, grow, germinate | dàgbà | *Cù | ||
| 413 | steal | jí | *jí | ||
| 415 | stomach | ikùn | *u-kũ̀ | ||
| 416 | stomach (internal) | inú | *ɪ-nʊ̃́ | ||
| 417 | stone | òkúta | *ɔ̀-kʊ́ta | ||
| 418 | storage barn | abà ibi ìpamọ́ | *á-ká | ||
| 419 | storage barn | abà ibi ìpamọ́ | *a-bà | ||
| 421 | stretch, extend | nà | *nã̀ | ||
| 422 | string (beads, cowries etc.) | okùn | *sé | ||
| 424 | sun | òrù | *o-rũ̀ | ||
| 425 | swallow | mì | *m'ĩ̀ | ||
| 426 | sweep | gbá | *gbá | ||
| 427 | swell | wú | *ɓú | ||
| 428 | swing | fì | *Cì | ||
| 430 | tail (of animal) | ìrù | *ù-rũ̀ | ||
| 431 | take (one thing), catch, seize, hold | mú | *mṹ | ||
| 432 | take (part of) | bù | *bù | ||
| 433 | take portion out (with a ladle, shovel etc.) | kó | *kɔ | ||
| 434 | take off (clothes) | bọ́ | *bʊɔ́ | ||
| 435 | taste | tọ́ | *tɔ́- | ||
| 436 | taste, test, tempt | dánwò | *dã́(ɣò) | ||
| 438 | tear | ya | *ya | ||
| 439 | tears | omijé | *a-kʊ̃ã́ | ||
| 442 | ten | ẹ́ẹ̀wá | *ɛ̀-gwá | ||
| 446 | they, them | àwọn | *à-ɓã | ||
| 447 | thief | olè | *o-lè | ||
| 448 | thigh | itan | *ʊ-tɪ̃ã (ɪ-) | ||
| 449 | think | ronú | *rò | ||
| 450 | thirty | ọgbọ̀n | *ɔ-gbã̀ | ||
| 451 | thorn, prickle | ẹ́gún | *à-gṹ | ||
| 452 | three | ẹ̀ta | *à-ta | ||
| 453 | throat | ọ́fun | *à-ta | ||
| 454 | throw | sọ | *sɔ | ||
| 455 | throw | jù | *jù | ||
| 456 | tie (rope, animal etc.) | so | *so | ||
| 458 | timber, trunk (of a tree) | gẹdú | *ì-tì | ||
| 460 | tongue | ahọ́n | *ʊ-ɓã́ | ||
| 461 | tooth | eyín | *e-ɲĩ́ | ||
| 462 | tortoise | ìjàpà | *a-ŋʊ̃ | ||
| 463 | touch, make contact with | fọwọ́kàn | *bà | ||
| 464 | touch, make contact with | fọwọ́kàn | *tɔ́ | ||
| 465 | tree, firewood | igi | *e-gĩ (i-) | ||
| 468 | turn, roll | yí | *yí | ||
| 469 | twenty | ogún | *o-gṹ | ||
| 470 | twist (rope, material) | lọ́ | *lɔ́ | ||
| 471 | twist (limb) | lílọ́ ọwọ́ | *rɔ́ | ||
| 472 | two | éjì | *è-jì | ||
| 473 | umbilical cord | ibi ọmọ | *ʊ̀-ɣɔ́ | ||
| 475 | untie | tú | *tú | ||
| 476 | urinate | tọ̀ | *tɔ̀ | ||
| 477 | urine | ìtọ̀ | *ɪ̀-tɔ̀ | ||
| 478 | vagina | òbò | *ò-bò | ||
| 479 | voice | ohùn | *o-ɓũ̀ | ||
| 480 | vomit | èébì | *bì | ||
| 481 | vomit, precipitate | bì | *sɛ̃̀ | ||
| 483 | walk v. | rìn | *rɪ̃̀ | ||
| 484 | walk n. | ìrìn | *ʊ̀-rɪ̃̀ | ||
| 485 | wall | ògiri | *ɔ̀-ɗɔ̀ | ||
| 486 | wall | ògiri | *ò-giri | ||
| 487 | want (desire), like | fẹ́ | *fɛ́ | ||
| 488 | war | ogun | *o-gũ | ||
| 489 | wash (clothes, plates, etc.) | fọ̀ | *fɔ̀ | ||
| 490 | wash (body), bathe | wẹ̀ | *gwɛ̀ | ||
| 491 | water | omi | *o-mĩ | ||
| 492 | wear, put on (clothes) | wọ̀ | *wɔ̀ | ||
| 493 | wear, put on (clothes) | wọ̀ | *nĩ́ | ||
| 494 | weave | dì | *ŋʊ̃ | ||
| 496 | we | àwa | *à-ɓa | ||
| 498 | weep, cry | sun ẹkún | *sʊ̃ | ||
| 499 | wet, be, be cold | tutù | *-tũ̀ | ||
| 500 | white, be | funfun | *-fũ | ||
| 501 | wind | afẹ́fẹ́ | *V̀-fù | ||
| 502 | wine, beer (general word) | ọtí | *ɔ-tɪ̃́ | ||
| 503 | wither (of leaves, flowers, plants etc.) | gbẹ | *rɔ | ||
| 504 | woman, female | obìnrin | *ɔ-bɪ̃̀rɪ̃ | ||
| 505 | word, matter | ọ̀rọ̀ | *ɔ̀-rɔ̀ | ||
| 506 | word, matter, trouble | ọ̀rọ̀ | *ɔ̀-rã̀ | ||
| 507 | work n. | iṣẹ́ | *ʊ-cɛ́ | ||
| 508 | wrap | dì | *ɓé | ||
| 509 | wring (clothes), squeeze | rún | *fʊ̃́ | ||
| 510 | wring, squeeze, press (for demand) | fún pọ́ | *Cí | ||
| 511 | yam | iṣu | *u-cũ (i-) | ||
| 512 | yawn | yán | *ɲã́ | ||
| 513 | year | ọdún | *ɔ-dʊ̃́ | ||
| 514 | you sg. | ìwọ | *ʊ̀-ɓV | ||
| 515 | you pl. | ẹ̀yin | *ɛ̀-ɓɪ̃ |
Ìtọ́kasí
àtúnṣe- ↑ Akinkugbe, Olufẹmi Odutayo. 1978. A comparative phonology of Yoruba dialects, Iṣẹkiri and Igala. Doctoral dissertation, University of Ibadan. 916pp.