Hafnium Pípè / ˈ h æ f n i ə m / (HAF -nee-əm ) Ìhànsójú steel grey Ìwúwo átọ̀mù A r, std (Hf) 178.486(6) [ 1] Hafnium ní orí tábìlì àyè
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z ) 72 Ẹgbẹ́ group 4 Àyè àyè 6 Àdìpọ̀ Àdìpọ̀-d Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì Transition metal Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù [Xe ] 4f14 5d2 6s2 Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 Àwọn ohun ìní ara Ìfarahàn at STP solid Ìgbà ìyọ́ 2506 K (2233 °C, 4051 °F) Ígbà ìhó 4876 K (4603 °C, 8317 °F) Kíki (near r.t. ) 13.31 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 12 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 27.2 kJ/mol Heat of 571 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 25.73 J/(mol·K) pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
2689
2954
3277
3679
4194
4876
Atomic properties Oxidation states −2, +1, +2, +3, +4 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.3 Atomic radius empirical: 159 pm Covalent radius 175±10 pm Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of hafniumOther properties Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure hexagonal Speed of sound thin rod 3010 m/s (at 20 °C) Thermal expansion 5.9 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 23.0 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity 331 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) Magnetic ordering paramagnetic [ 2] Young's modulus 78 GPa Shear modulus 30 GPa Bulk modulus 110 GPa Poisson ratio 0.37 Mohs hardness 5.5 Vickers hardness 1760 MPa Brinell hardness 1700 MPa CAS Number 7440-58-6 Main isotopes of hafnium
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