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Ruthenium |
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Pípè | /ruːˈθiːniəm/ (roo-THEE-nee-əm) |
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Ìhànsójú | silvery white metallic |
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Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Ru) | 101.07(2)[1] |
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Ruthenium ní orí tábìlì àyè |
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Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z) | 44 |
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Ẹgbẹ́ | group 8 |
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Àyè | àyè 5 |
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Àdìpọ̀ | Àdìpọ̀-d |
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Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì | Transition metal |
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Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù | [Kr] 4d7 5s1 |
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Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan | 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 |
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Àwọn ohun ìní ara |
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Ìfarahàn at STP | Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-phase |
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Ìgbà ìyọ́ | 2607 K (2334 °C, 4233 °F) |
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Ígbà ìhó | 4423 K (4150 °C, 7502 °F) |
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Kíki (near r.t.) | 12.45 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 10.65 g/cm3 |
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Heat of fusion | 38.59 kJ/mol |
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Heat of | 591.6 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 24.06 J/(mol·K) |
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pressure
P (Pa)
|
1
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10
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100
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1 k
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10 k
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100 k
|
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at T (K)
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2588
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2811
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3087
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3424
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3845
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4388
|
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | −4, −2, 0, +1,[2] +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.3 |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 134 pm |
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Covalent radius | 146±7 pm |
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Spectral lines of ruthenium |
Other properties |
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Natural occurrence | primordial |
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Crystal structure | hexagonal |
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Speed of sound thin rod | 5970 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | 6.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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Thermal conductivity | 117 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | 71 n Ω·m (at 0 °C) |
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Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic[3] |
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Young's modulus | 447 GPa |
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Shear modulus | 173 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 220 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | 0.30 |
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Mohs hardness | 6.5 |
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Brinell hardness | 2160 MPa |
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CAS Number | 7440-18-8 |
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Main isotopes of ruthenium |
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Àdàkọ:Category-inline | references |