Niobium

Niobium (pípè /naɪˈoʊbiəm/ nye-OH-bee-əm) (Greek mythology: Niobe, omo birin Tantalus), tabi columbium (/kəˈlʌmbiəm/ kə-LUM-bee-əm), je ipilese elegbogi pelu ami-idamo Nb ati nomba atomu 41.

Niobium
41Nb
V ↑ Nb ↓ Ta Tábìlì ìdásìkò zirconium ← niobium → molybdenum
Ìhànsójú
gray metallic, yellowish when oxidized
Àwọn ìdámọ́ wíwọ́pọ̀
Orúkọ, àmì-ìdámọ́, nọ́mbà	niobium, Nb, 41
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ̀nti	transition metal
Ẹgbẹ́, àsìkò, àdìpò	5, 5, d
Ìwúwo átọ́mù	92.90638
Ìtòléra ẹ̀lẹ́ktrónì	[Kr] 4d4 5s1 2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	8.57 g·cm−3
Melting point	2750 K, 2477 °C, 4491 °F
Boiling point	5017 K, 4744 °C, 8571 °F
Heat of fusion	30 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	689.9 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	24.60 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2942 3207 3524 3910 4393 5013
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	5, 4, 3, 2, -1 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.6 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 652.1 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1380 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2416 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	146 pm
Covalent radius	164±6 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	cubic body-centered
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(0 °C) 152 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	53.7 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	7.3 µm/(m·K)
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 3480 m·s−1
Young's modulus	105 GPa
Shear modulus	38 GPa
Bulk modulus	170 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.40
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1320 MPa
Brinell hardness	736 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-03-1
Àwọn ísótòpù dídúró jùlọ
Main article: Àwọn ísótòpù niobium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 91Nb syn 6.8×102 y ε - 91Zr 91mNb syn 60.86 d IT 0.104e 91Nb 92Nb syn 10.15 d ε - 92Zr γ 0.934 - 92Nb syn 3.47×107y ε - 92Zr γ 0.561, 0.934 - 93Nb 100% 93Nb is stable with 52 neutrons 93mNb syn 16.13 y IT 0.031e 93Nb 94Nb syn 2.03×104 y β− 0.471 94Mo γ 0.702, 0.871 - 95Nb syn 34.991 d β− 0.159 95Mo γ 0.765 - 95mNb syn 3.61 d IT 0.235 95Nb