Alumíníọ̀mù, 13 Al Alumíníọ̀mù Pípè Ìhànsójú silvery gray metallic Ìwúwo átọ̀mù A r, std (Al) 26.9815 384(3) [ 1] Alumíníọ̀mù ní orí tábìlì àyè
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z ) 13 Ẹgbẹ́ group 13 (boron group) Àyè àyè 3 Àdìpọ̀ Àdìpọ̀-p Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì Post-transition metal Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù [Ne ] 3s2 3p1 Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan 2, 8, 3 Àwọn ohun ìní ara Ìfarahàn at STP solid Ìgbà ìyọ́ 933.47 K (660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F) Ígbà ìhó 2792 K (2519 °C, 4566 °F) Kíki (near r.t. ) 2.70 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 2.375 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 10.71 kJ/mol Heat of 294.0 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 24.200 J/(mol·K) pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
1482
1632
1817
2054
2364
2790
Atomic properties Oxidation states −2, −1, +1,[ 2] +2,[ 3] +3 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.61 energies Atomic radius empirical: 143 pm Covalent radius 121± 4 pm Van der Waals radius 184 pm Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of alumíníọ̀mùOther properties Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure (fcc) Speed of sound thin rod (rolled) 5,000 m/s (at r.t. ) Thermal expansion 23.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 237 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity 28.2 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) Magnetic ordering paramagnetic [ 4] Young's modulus 70 GPa Shear modulus 26 GPa Bulk modulus 76 GPa Poisson ratio 0.35 Mohs hardness 2.75 Vickers hardness 167 MPa Brinell hardness 245 MPa CAS Number 7429-90-5 History Discovery Hans Christian Ørsted [ 5] (1825) First isolation Friedrich Wöhler [ 6] (1827) Named by Humphry Davy (1808) Main isotopes of alumíníọ̀mù
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References
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↑ Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi :10.1515/pac-2015-0305 .
↑ Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). "Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 35 (2): 129–149. doi :10.1002/anie.199601291 .
↑ D. C. Tyte (1964). "Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide". Nature 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode 1964Natur.202..383T . doi :10.1038/202383a0 .
↑
Lide, D. R. (2000). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" . CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC Press . ISBN 0849304814 . http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf .
↑
Bentor, Y. (12 February 2009). "Periodic Table: Aluminum" . ChemicalElements.com. Retrieved 2012-03-06 .
↑
Wöhler, F. (1827). "Űber das Aluminium". Annalen der Physik und Chemie 11 : 146–161.
↑ Aluminium monoxide
↑ Aluminium iodide