Àdàkọ:Infobox calcium

Calcium, 20Ca
Calcium
ÌhànsójúDull gray, silver
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Ca)40.078(4)[1]
Calcium ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Mg

Ca

Sr
potassiumcalciumscandium
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)20
Ẹgbẹ́group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Àyèàyè 4
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-s
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Alkaline earth metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Ar] 4s2
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 8, 2
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́1115 K ​(842 °C, ​1548 °F)
Ígbà ìhó1757 K ​(1484 °C, ​2703 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)1.55 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)1.378 g/cm3
Heat of fusion8.54 kJ/mol
Heat of 154.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.929 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 864 956 1071 1227 1443 1755
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+1,[2] +2 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.00
energies
Atomic radiusempirical: 197 pm
Covalent radius176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius231 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of calcium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​(fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for calcium
Speed of sound thin rod3810 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion22.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity201 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity33.6 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Young's modulus20 GPa
Shear modulus7.4 GPa
Bulk modulus17 GPa
Poisson ratio0.31
Mohs hardness1.75
Brinell hardness167 MPa
CAS Number7440-70-2
Main isotopes of calcium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
40Ca 96.941% 40Ca is stable with 20 neutrons
41Ca trace 1.03×105 y ε - 41K
42Ca 0.647% 42Ca is stable with 22 neutrons
43Ca 0.135% 43Ca is stable with 23 neutrons
44Ca 2.086% 44Ca is stable with 24 neutrons
45Ca syn 162.7 d β 0.258 45Sc
46Ca 0.004% >2.8×1015 y ββ ? 46Ti
47Ca syn 4.536 d β 0.694, 1.99 47Sc
γ 1.297 -
48Ca 0.187% >4×1019 y ββ ? 48Ti
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Àdàkọ:Sandbox other

  1. Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 
  2. Krieck, Sven; Görls, Helmar; Westerhausen, Matthias (2010). "Mechanistic Elucidation of the Formation of the Inverse Ca(I) Sandwich Complex [(thf)3Ca(μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3)Ca(thf)3] and Stability of Aryl-Substituted Phenylcalcium Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society 132 (35): 12492–12501. doi:10.1021/ja105534w. PMID 20718434.