Lead, 82Pb
A small gray metal cube surrounded by three gray metal nuggets in front of a light gray background
Lead
Pípè /ˈlɛd/ (LED)
Ìhànsójúgray
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(Pb)207.2(1)[1]
Lead ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Sn

Pb

Fl
thalliumleadbismuth
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)82
Ẹgbẹ́group 14 (carbon group)
Àyèàyè 6
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-p
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Post-transition metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́600.61 K ​(327.46 °C, ​621.43 °F)
Ígbà ìhó2022 K ​(1749 °C, ​3180 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)11.34 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)10.66 g/cm3
Heat of fusion4.77 kJ/mol
Heat of 179.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.650 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 978 1088 1229 1412 1660 2027
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−4, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.33
Atomic radiusempirical: 175 pm
Covalent radius146±5 pm
Van der Waals radius202 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of lead
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​(fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for lead
Thermal expansion28.9 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity35.3 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity208 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Young's modulus16 GPa
Shear modulus5.6 GPa
Bulk modulus46 GPa
Poisson ratio0.44
Mohs hardness1.5
Brinell hardness38.3 MPa
CAS Number7439-92-1
Main isotopes of lead
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
204Pb 1.4% >1.4×1017 y Alpha 2.186 200Hg
205Pb syn 1.53×107 y Epsilon 0.051 205Tl
206Pb 24.1% 206Pb is stable with 124 neutrons
207Pb 22.1% 207Pb is stable with 125 neutrons
208Pb 52.4% 208Pb is stable with 126 neutrons
210Pb trace 22.3 y Alpha 3.792 206Hg
Beta 0.064 210Bi
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References

  1. Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.